Lattice Boltzmann Units Example

I think that your result is quite logical. The Navier-Stokes equations for Poiseuille flow simplify to


\rho \nu \Delta u = \rho g

where \rho is density (as function of position), \nu is kinematic viscosity (constant throughout your channel), \Delta is the Laplacian operator, u is velocity, and g is gravitational acceleration or any other homogeneous acceleration (constant throughout your channel). You see that the density cancels and that the result MUST be the same as for a single phase fluid. Only if the kinematic viscosity differs, you would expect a modified velocity profile. You should choose different kinematic viscosities.

Best,
Timm

Thanks Timm for your quick answer.

I am using a constant driving force for both phases (F) and I think applying the Chapman-Enskog expansion procedure to the lattice-Boltzmann equation for multiphase (SC Model), one obtains the following mass and momentum equations
for the fluid mixture treated as a single fluid


(\sum_a F_a )/(\rho) = - \nu \Delta u          a=1, ... ,9      for 2D

where


\sum_a F_a = F_ext + F_{f-f} + F_{f-s}

where F_{ext}, F_{f-f} , and F_{f-s} are momenta contributed by external force, interaction between phases, and interaction of ĀÆfluid with solid, respectively. [Z.L. Yang et al. 2001]

In this case, density is not canceled out and fluids with different density should have different velocity profiles!

Furthermore, I see some peaks in velocity perpendicular to the direction of flow at the interface between fluid phases ( from Navier-Stokes, we know that it should be zero everywhere in the doamin ). I think this accounts for the existence of F_{f-f} at the interface. But it changes the velocity magnitude at points around that!
Do you know any solution for this problem?

I still think that the density cancels because F is momentum, and momentum is proportional to density. Please carefully recheck your equations and make sure that the difference between force and force density is clear.
Again: For two fluids with the same kinematic viscosity the velocity profile must always be a parabola in the presence of a homogeneous acceleration field. But acceleration is not force and also not force density!

I find it a bit strange that you have a velocity perpendicular to the main flow. Due to the symmetry, this would eventually lead to a compressibility of the fluid. Is your interface flat? It is a 2D simulation, right? Is your system symmetric with respect to the main velocity axis?

Thanks again Timm. You are really helpful.

I will check the equations (I am using Palabos for my simulations).

Yes, my interface is flat and 2D and symmetric with respect to the main velocity axis.

You were right about F, it is proportional to density.

Thanks

Hello

I have difficulties in the installation of Palabos on my computer, I download it and I have the c++ compiler.

is there somebody who can help me?

Hello, could you please tell me where did you get this formula?
nu_{Phys}=dt_{Phys}/(dx_{Phys}*dx_{Phys})*nu_{LB}
Even the dimensions do not match and thatā€™s weird to me !
We have ā€œlength^2ā€ vs. ā€œsecondā€ (for dt) to be canceled and nu(Phys) dimension becomes equals to that of nu(LB).

Hey, Its been a long time and this website no longer exists. Can you provide another link to this pdf file with conversion information?

Hello,

you can find detailed explanations int this book: https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783319446479

Hope it helps

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Which chapter would I find this in?

Would be chapter 7:

Non-dimensionalisation and Choice
of Simulation Parameters

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Hello, i am preparing an algoritm for natural convection using the LBM. I have a square cavity of 1m * 1m. I have viscosity V_p and Prandtl number(Pr). where suffix ā€˜pā€™ indicates in physical units and ā€˜lā€™ indicates in lattice units. Now for LBM, i have set dx_l=dt_l=1 lattice unit, so C_l=1 lattice unit. Now i have 100 divisions in X and Y directions, so L_l=100 and also dx_p=dy_p=0.01m.
Now i have somewhere read that the non-dimensional number should be same for lattice units and physical units. In my case the Rayleigh number is 10^5. Now i have assemed the viscosity V_l=0.03 in lattice units. so, the value of alpha_l=Pr / V_l. Now i have found the value of g*beta_l=Ra * V_l * alpha_l / (delta_T * L_l^3).
Now, i want to see the temperature distribution and velocity distribution at a particular time, say 180 s. So, how many iteration i need to be performed?

Hello,
in order to get dt_p you need a quantity that contains time units. Here I guess itā€™s you viscosity which has units [Length^2/Time]. You can deduce dt_p from the relation

V_p=V_l * dx_p^2/dt_p

Then the number of iteration is iter = 180 / dt_p.

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Hi,
I failed to open this link.
Can youb help to upload this file?

thanks a lot!

Dear Palabos community;
could you please check my recent question? I really need your help.

Divergence of velocity field for porous media
Many thanks;
Elahe